Stand-alone CWSF production unit is a unique development from Amalthea-Service and Effective Energy Technologies GmbH (Austria). Unit has low-energy consumption for producing CWSF and characterized with stable CWSF characteristics and wide range of possible coals.
Amalthea-Service proposes new 'production+combustion' solution which includes equipment and services for swithicng from coal to CWS. Solution is targeted for 
Rotary-pulse apparatus (RIA) is designed for processing liquids, pastes and slurries. In the purpose of CWS production it used for preliminary water activation which is pass to wet-milling device.
Steam/Air atomizing nozzle
Swirl furnace 'Tornado' is developed for high-efficient Coal-Water Slurry combustion in a boilers of different models and design.CWS Characterstics
CWS produced from coal of different types has different characteristics: ash, calorific value, viscosity, ignition temperature. Also depending on coal types different size of coal particles is required.CWS characteristics from different coals are provided in Table 1. Depending on the source of coal (from mine to mine) these characteristics are changing.
Table 1. CWS characteristics.
| Coal type | Initial Coal | CWS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| W,% | Аd,% | Qri, MJ/kg |
W,% | Аd,% | Qri, MJ/kg | |
| Flame Coal | 11 | 12 | 24,0 | 35 |
12 | 16,9 |
| Gas Flame Coal | 8 | 16 | 25,3 | 33 |
16 |
17,8 |
| Fat Coal | 6 | 15 | 27,4 | 30 |
15 |
19,8 |
| Forge Coal | 8 | 17 | 26,0 | 35 |
17 |
17,6 |
| Non baking Coal | 7 | 20 | 25,1 | 30 |
20 |
18,3 |
| Anthracite | 10 | 13 |
26,0 | 35 |
13 |
18,1 |
Table 2. CWS characteristics, CWS from brown coal
| Coal Type | Initial Coal | CWS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| W,% | Аd,% | Qri, MJ/kg |
Wrt ,% | Аd,% | Qri, MJ/kg | |
| B3 | 25 | 18 | 16,9 | 48 |
19 | 11,0 |
| B2 | 33 | 7,0 | 16 | 50 |
7,0 |
11,3 |
| B1 | 53 | 17 | 8,56 | 60 |
17 |
6,9 |
Results given in Tables 1&2 are based on series of experiments which were conducted during the realization of Belovo-Novosibirsk pipeline project in 1989-1993 and confirmed later during further researches, including results obtained by Amalthea in Murmanskaya region.
Reactions on the surface of coal particles together with activation by water steam (produced after water evaporation) enforcing intensification of combustion and reduce ignition temperature of CWS comparing to initial coal.
For anthracites igniton temperature reduced from 1000°C to 500°C, for flame ignition temperature reduced from 600°C to 400°C (see Figure below).
Dependence of ignition temperature (°C) from % of volatiles in initial coal (γ,%).
